北京平原区紫花苜蓿施肥组合试验

侯 湃; 刘自学; 刘艺杉; 苏爱莲; 王跃栋

doi:10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2012-0455

北京平原区紫花苜蓿施肥组合试验

北京克劳沃草业技术开发中心, 北京 100029

基金项目:

全国牧草种质资源保存与利用项目“种质资源圃”(070401)

摘要: 采用正交试验设计, 研究紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)氮、磷、钾肥最佳施肥组合及推荐施肥量。结果表明, 在土壤少氮、缺磷的地区, 氮、磷、钾肥配施能显著提高紫花苜蓿饲草产量、生长速度及再生速度, 饲草产量增幅在17.31％～29.28％。不同施肥处理下生长速度最快的肥料组合为处理6(N2P3K1), 即施氮肥50 kg·hm-2, 施磷肥280 kg·hm-2, 施钾肥0, 生长速度为2.44 cm·d-1, 显著高于不施肥对照(1.66 cm·d-1), 各施肥因子对生长速度的独立效应为PNK;不同施肥处理下再生速度最快的肥料组合为处理6, 再生速度为2.02 cm·d-1, 也显著高于不施肥对照(1.52 cm·d-1), 各施肥因子对再生速度的独立效应为PNK。当氮、磷、钾施肥组合为2∶2∶3时, 即N为50 kg·hm-2, P为140 kg·hm-2, K为160 kg·hm-2时可获得较高产量, 其施肥组合的增产率在29%以上, 各施肥因子对产量的独立效应为PKN。综合考虑认为, 本试验N、P、K的推荐施用量可为50 kg·hm-2≤N≤100 kg·hm-2, 0P≤140 kg·hm-2, 0K≤160 kg·hm-2。

关键词:

English

Screening of fertilization combination for alfalfa in Beijing area

Received Date: 2012-11-07
Publish Date: 2014-01-14

Abstract: The orthogonal experimental was designed to screen the best fertilizer combination and recommend fertilizer rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer for alfalfa in Beijing area. The results showed that the forage yield, growth rate and regeneration rate of alfalfa significantly increased using nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the areas with shortage of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. The growth rate and regeneration rate of alfalfa with fertilization treatments were significantly higher than that without fertilization treatment (P0.05). The forage yield increased by 17.31% to 29.28% which showed the significant effects of fertilization. The fertilization combination with the highest yield increase rate as N 50 kg·ha-1＋P 140 kg·ha-1＋K 160 kg·ha-1. However, the orthogonal analysis results showed that the fertilization combination with the highest yield increase rate was N 100 kg·ha-1＋P 140 kg·ha-1＋K 160 kg·ha-1. After comprehensive analysis, the recommendation fertilizer rate was N 50～100 kg·ha-1, P 140 kg·ha-1 K, and 160 kg·ha-1 which had the highest forage yield of alfalfa on those areas with shortage of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers.

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参考文献(1)

[1]

洪绂曾.苜蓿科学.北京:中国农业出版社, 2009.樊军, 郝明德, 邵明安.黄土高原沟壑区草地土壤深层干燥化与氮素消耗[J].自然资源学报.2004,19(2):201-205Sanderson M A, Jones R M.Stand dynamics and yield components of alfalfa as affected by phosphorus fertility[J].Agronomy Journal.1993,85:241-246于显双, 范富, 张永亮, 张庆国, 邰继承, 何凤艳, 卢晓平.氮、磷、钾肥配施对WL-232HQ苜蓿品种鲜草产量及营养成分的影响[J].土壤通报.2008,39(1):100-105李荣霞.不同施肥水平对紫花苜蓿产量、营养吸收及土壤肥力的影响.乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学, 2007.杨恒山, 曹敏建, 李春龙, 李凤山.苜蓿施用磷、钾肥效应的研究[J].草业科学.2003,20(11):19-22温洋.磷钾营养对紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)产量和品质的影响及相关机理研究.北京:中国农业科学院, 2005.

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北京平原区紫花苜蓿施肥组合试验

English

Screening of fertilization combination for alfalfa in Beijing area

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