硝态氮对Na2CO3胁迫下桑树幼苗生长和光合特性的影响
摘要:
利用溶液培养法在碱性盐(Na2CO3)胁迫下研究了硝态氮(NO3--N)对桑树(Morus alba)幼苗生长和叶片光合特性的影响。结果表明, 增加NO3--N降低了Na2CO3胁迫下桑树叶片的气孔限制, 改善了叶肉细胞对CO2的利用, 提高了光合碳同化能力, 明显减轻Na2CO3胁迫对桑树幼苗的盐害, 促进了地上部和根系生物量的积累。NO3--N提高了桑树叶片的实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)和电子传递速率(ETR), 缓解了Na2CO3胁迫下最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)的降低, 减轻了由于Na2CO3胁迫引起的光抑制程度, 同时, 增加NO3--N降低了Na2CO3胁迫下桑树幼苗叶片以无效热能形式耗散的比例, 叶片吸收的光能更多地分配到光化学反应之中, 并且通过热耗散和叶黄素循环之间的协同作用有效地保护了光合PSⅡ的生理功能, 提高了叶片的光能利用能力。不同NO3--N浓度之间比较, 12.5 mmol·L-1的NO3--N处理桑树幼苗比其他浓度处理的效果更好。因此, 在Na2CO3胁迫下, 增加NO3--N可改善桑树幼苗叶片的光能利用效率, 增加桑树的生物产量。
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