Abstract: Most species in Vicia genus are important legume crop that are commonly used as windbreak and sand water conservation. It is suitable for cultivation in alpine and highaltitude areas, which supply protein feed for Tibet plateau in China. Here, we collected 43 Vicia germplasms from 22 countries such as China, America, Germany and Ethiopia. The chromosomal karyotypes of 43 accessions were analyzed by the root tip cells. The results showed that there were five types of chromosome number: 10, 12, 14, 16 and 24. There are six types of karyotypes: 2A, 1B, 2B, 3B, 2C and 3C. In the present study, the chromasome karyotypes of 43 Vicia accessions were comprehensively calculated which provided the important scientific basis for the researches of cytological characteristics and evolutionary.