含水量对燕麦及燕麦+箭筈豌豆裹包青贮品质的影响

琚泽亮; 赵桂琴; 覃方锉; 焦婷

doi:10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2015-0498

含水量对燕麦及燕麦+箭筈豌豆裹包青贮品质的影响

甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室甘肃省草业工程实验室,中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州 730070

基金项目:

国家燕麦荞麦产业体系(CARS-08)

农业行业科研专项(201003023)

摘要: 为了探讨含水量对燕麦(Avena sativa)以及燕麦+箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)混合(6:4)后裹包青贮发酵品质的影响,设45%~50%(A1)和65%~70%(A2)两个含水量,以单贮(CK)和与箭筈豌豆混贮燕麦(H)为原料,研究采用捆裹法青贮40、80和120 d的发酵品质和养分含量,分析原料含水量对两种原料裹包青贮料品质的影响。结果表明,含水量及单、混贮对燕麦青贮发酵品质的影响极显著(P<0.01)。A2含水量下各处理的粗蛋白、乳酸和水溶性糖含量比较稳定,pH值和氨态氮含量显著(P<0.05)降低,青贮效果较优。A1含水量下粗蛋白含量下降幅度远高于A2;A2H处理显著(P<0.05)降低了青贮料的pH,同时其乳酸含量在青贮40、80和120 d时一直保持最高值,120 d时仍高达0.82%,比最低的A1CK(0.50%)高64.00%。燕麦与箭筈豌豆混贮可显著改善青贮发酵品质,效果优于单播燕麦。青贮40 d时,钙、磷含量以A2H为最高(1.34%和0.24%),A1H次之(1.16%和0.23%),极显著(P<0.01)高于对照。青贮80 d时,A1H和A2H处理粗蛋白含量比对照分别高出31.94%和14.70%。综上所述,在青藏高原高寒地区,燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播(6:4),在箭筈豌豆盛花期、燕麦灌浆期刈割,在65%~70%含水量下裹包青贮可获得优质青贮料。

关键词:

English

Effect of different moisture contents on fermentation quality of baling silage of monoculture oat and oat and common vetch mixture

Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology System, Ministry of Education, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing land Ecosystem Sustainability, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received Date: 2015-09-03
Publish Date: 2016-07-19

Abstract: In order to study the effects of different moisture contents and single silage and mixed silage on the quality of baling silage, oat (Avena sativa) silage alone, oat and common vetch (Vicia sativa) mixed silage (6:4) were wilted to target moisture contents (45%~50% (A1) and 65%~70% (A2) for baling silage. These bales were sampled on 40, 80 and 120 days after ensiling, with 3 replicates for each treatment. The results showed that moisture contents, silage alone and mixed silage had significant effects on silage quality. Treatments at 65%~70% moisture content had more stable contents of crude protein (CP)、lactic acid (LA) and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), lower pH value and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) counts, showing a better ensiling effectiveness. Treatment A1 had much larger decreasing amount than A2 on CP content. A2H significantly reduced pH value, and its LA content remained the highest at 40, 80 and 120 d, still up to 0.82% on 120 d, 64.00% higher than the lowest A1CK (0.50%). Treatments at mixed seeded oat and vetch can significantly improve the quality of silage fermentation. After 40 d of ensiling, A2H had the highest calcium and phosphorus contents (1.34% and 0.24%), and A1H was in the second (1.16% and 0.23%), which were significantly (P<0.01) higher than control. In addition, the CP content of A1 and A2H was 31.94% and 14.70% higher than that of control after 80 d of ensiling, respectively. In conclusion, in alpine pastoral area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, mixed seeding oat and vetch harvested at grain filling and flowering stage respectively, with 65%~70% moisture content could significantly improve the quality of baling silage.

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含水量对燕麦及燕麦+箭筈豌豆裹包青贮品质的影响

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Effect of different moisture contents on fermentation quality of baling silage of monoculture oat and oat and common vetch mixture

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