海拔梯度对天山北坡天然草地鸭茅种群分布格局的影响
摘要:
采用邻接格子样方法,利用方差/均值比率、负二项参数(K)、丛生指标(I)、聚块性指标(m*/m)和Cassie指标(CA)等对天山北坡东段与西段不同海拔鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata)种群进行了空间分布类型、格局强度及格局规模分析。结果表明,分布类型上,鸭茅种群在东段与西段山地不同海拔地段呈聚集分布,均不服从随机分布;格局强度上,东段山地,鸭茅种群的分布格局强度为中度聚集,而在西段山地,除海拔2 000 m处为中度聚集外,在海拔1 800和2 200 m处鸭茅种群聚集强度均为强聚集;格局规模上,不同区域鸭茅种群的均方区组曲线均有1~2个明显的峰值,聚块最小面积0.2 m2,最大6.4 m2,不同海拔地段上,鸭茅种群在区组4、区组8、区组32和区组64上均有明显的峰值;鸭茅种群有随密度增大,平均拥挤度呈增大的趋势。
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