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香豆素对苏丹草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

王婧怡, 姚丹丹, 徐军, 邬彩霞, 赵国琦, 华晨岚

王婧怡, 姚丹丹, 徐军, 邬彩霞, 赵国琦, 华晨岚. 香豆素对苏丹草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2017, 11(11): 2279-2288. DOI: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2017-0008
引用本文: 王婧怡, 姚丹丹, 徐军, 邬彩霞, 赵国琦, 华晨岚. 香豆素对苏丹草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2017, 11(11): 2279-2288. DOI: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2017-0008
Jing-yi Wang, Dan-dan Yao, Jun Xu, Cai-xia Wu, Guo-qi Zhao, Chen-lan Hua. Effect of coumarin on Sorghum sudanense seed germination and seedling growth[J]. Pratacultural Science, 2017, 11(11): 2279-2288. DOI: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2017-0008
Citation: Jing-yi Wang, Dan-dan Yao, Jun Xu, Cai-xia Wu, Guo-qi Zhao, Chen-lan Hua. Effect of coumarin on Sorghum sudanense seed germination and seedling growth[J]. Pratacultural Science, 2017, 11(11): 2279-2288. DOI: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2017-0008

香豆素对苏丹草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金(31101764)第一作者:王婧怡(1992-),女,江苏丹阳人,在读硕士生,主要从事植物化感研究

E-mail:1009317930@qq.com

摘要: 香豆素为黄花草木樨(Melilotus officinalis)水浸提液的主效化感物质,能抑制多种杂草种子的萌发和幼苗生长。为探明香豆素的化感抑草作用机理,本研究采用室内培养、生物检测的方法,研究了简单香豆素水溶液对苏丹草(Sorghum sudanense)种子萌发及其幼苗生长和生理生化指标的影响,并采用透射电镜观察了苏丹草幼苗根和茎的超微组织结构。结果表明,20~100 μg·mL-1香豆素水溶液能够显著抑制早期苏丹草种子的萌发 (P<0.05),且随浓度升高抑制作用增强,能够显著抑制苏丹草根伸长,随处理时间的延长和浓度的升高其抑制作用也增强,根变粗扭曲,而对茎长的影响存在浓度效应和时间效应,在4 d时,20~100 μg·mL-1浓度的香豆素水溶液均促进茎长,6和8 d则表现为低浓度促进、高浓度抑制;与加蒸馏水的对照组相比,100 μg·mL-1香豆素溶液处理显著(P<0.05)提高了过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,并降低了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,对过氧化物酶(POD)抑制作用表现为先降低后升高;香豆素处理显著(P<0.05)提高了可溶性糖的含量,同时显著(P<0.05)降低了叶绿素的含量;在香豆素处理下,淀粉含量先降低后升高,吲哚乙酸氧化酶(IAAO)活性仅在第4天时低于对照组。香豆素水溶液破坏了苏丹草根细胞的超微结构,出现液泡体积变大,细胞器数量和种类减少的现象,细胞核的核膜发生明显的歪曲,细胞核变小甚至消失;香豆素水溶液处理下的苏丹草幼苗叶绿体内淀粉粒数目显著(P<0.05)增加,体积变大。以上结果显示,100 μg·mL-1的香豆素水溶液可以通过改变苏丹草抗氧化酶系统、增加渗透调节物质、降低叶绿素含量、影响酶活性以及破坏细胞超微结构等途径调节苏丹草的生长。

 

English

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  • 收稿日期:  2017-01-06
  • 发布日期:  2017-11-09

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