不同水分条件下间作牧草对油橄榄幼苗根系生理及根系形态的影响
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参考文献
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图 1 不同水分条件下生草对油橄榄根系超氧阴离子(·O2–)产生速率和MDA含量的影响
同种生草类型不同小写字母表示不同水分梯度间差异显著(P < 0.05)；图2、图3同。
Figure 1. Effects of different grasses on superoxide anion production rate and MDA content in olive root system under different water conditions
Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between the different water gradients for the same grass type at the 0.05 level; this is applicable for Figure 2 and Figure 3 as well.
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图 2 不同水分条件下生草对油橄榄根系抗氧化酶活性的影响
Figure 2. Effects of different grasses on antioxidant enzyme activity in the olive root system under varying water conditions
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图 3 不同水分条件下生草对油橄榄根系渗透调节物质含量的影响
Figure 3. Effects of different grasses on the content of osmosis regulating substances in the olive root system under varying water conditions
表 1 不同水分条件下生草对油橄榄根系含水量和根系活力的影响
Table 1 Effects of different grasses on water content and root vigor of olive root under different water conditions
生草类型
Grass
type灌水量
Irrigation/
mL根系含水量
Root water
content/%根系活力
Root vigor/[μg·(h·g)–1 ]总吸收面积
Total absorbing
surface area(At)/m2活跃吸收面积
Active absorbing
surface area (Aa)/m2活跃吸收面积∶
总吸收面积
Aa∶At/%百喜草
Paspalum notatum300 66.521 ± 0.051c 34.405 ± 1.083a 0.762 ± 0.002ab 0.385 ± 0.003a 50.52 350 69.871 ± 1.252bc 34.313 ± 1.854a 0.765 ± 0.001a 0.387 ± 0.007a 50.59 400 73.604 ± 4.695b 34.052 ± 2.454a 0.755 ± 0.003b 0.379 ± 0.007a 50.20 450 79.372 ± 0.698a 34.016 ± 0.024a 0.748 ± 0.002c 0.375 ± 0.002a 50.13 500 80.353 ± 0.454a 33.461 ± 1.034b 0.755 ± 0.002b 0.375 ± 0.001a 49.67 白三叶
Trifolium repens300 71.274 ± 1.328a 25.606 ± 0.135c 0.762 ± 0.010a 0.383 ± 0.016a 50.26 350 71.942 ± 0.966a 32.275 ± 0.912a 0.763 ± 0.004a 0.381 ± 0.002a 49.93 400 73.564 ± 2.055a 29.445 ± 2.269b 0.771 ± 0.011a 0.379 ± 0.006a 49.15 450 73.801 ± 2.139a 28.493 ± 0.318b 0.768 ± 0.010a 0.377 ± 0.006a 49.09 500 73.869 ± 1.482a 28.376 ± 0.224b 0.757 ± 0.001a 0.376 ± 0.004a 49.67 无草
No grass300 72.179 ± 0.219b 37.371 ± 1.112a 0.745 ± 0.006a 0.366 ± 0.002a 49.13 350 82.678 ± 0.085a 23.446 ± 0.256b 0.746 ± 0.002a 0.362 ± 0.001b 48.53 400 82.941 ± 1.458a 12.602 ± 1.741c 0.753 ± 0.002a 0.361 ± 0.001c 47.94 450 83.006 ± 0.608a 10.045 ± 0.711c 0.747 ± 0.001a 0.359 ± 0.003d 48.06 500 83.623 ± 3.673a 10.396 ± 0.273c 0.745 ± 0.002a 0.358 ± 0.001d 48.05 同列不同小写字母表示同种生草类型不同水分梯度间差异显著(P < 0.05)；表2 、表 3同。
Different lowercase letters within the same column indicate significant differences between the different water gradients for the same grass type at the 0.05 level; this is applicable for Table 2 and Table 3 as well.
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表 2 不同水分条件下生草对油橄榄根系形态指标的影响
Table 2 Effects of different grasses on the olive root morphology under varying water conditions
生草类型
Grass type灌水量
Irrigation/mL根长
Total root length/cm根表面积
Surface area/cm2根体积
Volume/cm3平均直径
Average diameter/mm根尖数
Root tip number百喜草
Paspalum notatum300 535.6 ± 15.2d 548.5 ± 35.7c 13.9 ± 0.9d 2.11 ± 0.56a 384.5 ± 33.2c 350 829.8 ± 64.7c 645.5 ± 36.6b 21.6 ± 3.7c 2.09 ± 0.22a 594.5 ± 19.1b 400 1 231.3 ± 66.9a 810.7 ± 72.3a 29.1 ± 1.2a 1.88 ± 0.11b 781.5 ± 30.4a 450 1 016.9 ± 10.1b 725.7 ± 20.0a 27.2 ± 1.2ab 1.63 ± 0.02c 766.5 ± 29.8a 500 948.2 ± 28.2b 721.6 ± 66.3a 26.1 ± 1.4b 1.74 ± 0.09bc 705.5 ± 48.8a 白三叶
Trifolium repens300 528.6 ± 23.1d 310.4 ± 19.9c 12.4 ± 0.2c 1.94 ± 0.19a 249.1 ± 14.1c 350 713.1 ± 46.3c 620.1 ± 32.9b 19.9 ± 1.9b 1.89 ± 0.02a 575.5 ± 30.6b 400 1 006.2 ± 51.1a 725.9 ± 24.1a 27.4 ± 3.2a 1.88 ± 0.01a 685.2 ± 29.9a 450 903.2 ± 48.5ab 682.9 ± 22.9a 24.6 ± 2.2a 1.53 ± 0.05b 656.1 ± 19.9a 500 825.4 ± 31.4b 601.1 ± 31.4b 23.9 ± 1.0ab 1.57 ± 0.02b 623.5 ± 34.9a 无草
No grass300 787.4 ± 33.5a 719.0 ± 74.0a 23.6 ± 1.3a 1.45 ± 0.01b 666.5 ± 12.0a 350 720.5 ± 57.8a 699.4 ± 65.9a 23.1 ± 1.9a 1.47 ± 0.01ab 654.0 ± 49.5a 400 586.3 ± 60.9b 654.8 ± 67.7a 18.1 ± 2.2b 1.58 ± 0.18a 504.1 ± 17.1b 450 547.9 ± 29.6d 486.2 ± 13.0b 17.3 ± 1.1b 1.59 ± 0.15a 346.5 ± 34.6c 500 474.9 ± 35.4d 424.4 ± 17.9c 15.6 ± 1.3c 1.55 ± 0.10a 345.0 ± 28.3c
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表 3 不同水分条件下生草对油橄榄根系生物量的影响
Table 3 Effects of different grasses on the olive root biomass under varying water conditions
生草类型 Grass type 灌水量 Irrigation/mL 根干重 Root dry weight/g 地上部干重 Shoot dry weight/g 根冠比 Root to shoot ratio 百喜草 Paspalum notatum 300 3.827 ± 0.004c 12.021 ± 0.071c 0.318 ± 0.002d 350 4.255 ± 0.143b 12.572 ± 0.114b 0.338 ± 0.011b 400 4.792 ± 0.153a 13.173 ± 0.036a 0.363 ± 0.005a 450 4.373 ± 0.266ab 12.824 ± 0.207b 0.341 ± 0.007b 500 4.109 ± 0.073b 12.625 ± 0.077b 0.325 ± 0.001c 白三叶 Trifolium repens 300 3.569 ± 0.129c 11.733 ± 0.061d 0.304 ± 0.017c 350 3.997 ± 0.031b 12.015 ± 0.099c 0.332 ± 0.002b 400 4.473 ± 0.148a 12.821 ± 0.112a 0.349 ± 0.012a 450 4.273 ± 0.135a 12.465 ± 0.195b 0.343 ± 0.014a 500 4.076 ± 0.011b 12.018 ± 0.078c 0.339 ± 0.001ab 无草 No grass 300 3.915 ± 0.008a 12.573 ± 0.148a 0.311 ± 0.004a 350 3.842 ± 0.104a 12.369 ± 0.014b 0.310 ± 0.004a 400 3.447 ± 0.235b 11.865 ± 0.507bc 0.291 ± 0.067ab 450 3.115 ± 0.109b 11.173 ± 0.226c 0.278 ± 0.017b 500 2.712 ± 0.146c 10.924 ± 0.103c 0.248 ± 0.003c
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[1] 邓煜. 从油橄榄引种看我国木本食用油料产业的发展. 经济林研究, 2010, 28(4): 119-124. DENG Y. Development of edible woody oil industry in China based on olive introduction. Non-wood Forest Research, 2010, 28(4): 119-124.
[2] RUAN X, ZHU X M, HUA X, WANG S Q, BAI C Q, ZHAO Q. Characterisation of zero-trans margarine fats produced from camellia seed oil, palm stearin and coconut oil using enzymatic interesterification strategy. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2014, 49(1): 91-97. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.12279
[3] 周庆宏, 刘模, 任匀. 油橄榄种植技术. 农村实用技术, 2013(10): 11-12. ZHOU Q H, LIU M, REN Y. Olive planting technology. Applicable Technologies for Rural Areas, 2013(10): 11-12.
[4] BORJA V M, I. LÓPEZ C D M, SALAZAR H. Dendrometric analysis of olive trees for wood biomass quantification in Mediterranean orchards. Agroforestry Systems, 2014, 88(5): 755-765. doi: 10.1007/s10457-014-9718-1
[5] DIXON R K. Agroforestry systems: Sources of sinks of greenhouse gases. Agroforestry Systems, 1995, 31: 99-116. doi: 10.1007/BF00711719
[6] MICHAEL D H, GERARDO M, MARIA R M L, JOAO H N P, ANNA S. Current extent and stratification of agroforestry in the European Union. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 2017, 241: 121-132. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2017.03.005
[7] ANNE R. The effects of herbicide soil management systems and nitrogen fertilizer on the eating quality of Cox’s Orange Pippin apples. Journal of Horticultural Science, 1986, 61(4): 447-456. doi: 10.1080/14620316.1986.11515725
[8] 寇建村, 杨文权, 韩明玉, 陈奥, 李冰, 张维. 我国果园生草研究进展. 草业科学, 2010, 27(7): 154-159. KOU J C, YANG W Q, HAN M Y, CHEN A, LI B, ZHANG W. Research progress on interplanting grass in orchard in China. Pratacultural Science, 2010, 27(7): 154-159.
[9] ONG C K, CORLETT J E, SINGH R P, BLACK C R. Above and below ground interactions in agroforestry systems. Forest Ecology and Management, 1991, 45(1/4): 45-57.
[10] 秦树高, 吴斌, 张宇清. 林草复合系统地下部分种间互作关系与化感作用研究进展. 草业学报, 2011, 20(2): 253-261. QIN S G, WU B, ZHANG Y Q. A review of belowground interspecific interactions and allelopathy in silvopasture systems. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(2): 253-261.
[11] 郭忠录, 钟诚, 蔡崇法, 丁树文, 王中敏. 等高植物篱/大豆间作根系相互作用对生长和氮素吸收利用的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2008(1): 59-64. GUO Z L, ZHONG C, CAI C F, DING S W, WANG Z M. Effect of root interaction on growth and N uptake in a hedgerow and soybean intercropping system. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2008(1): 59-64.
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