不同年限川贝母生物量及异速生长
对不同年限的川贝母(Fritillaria cirrhosa)各器官称重，比较不同栽培年限川贝母的各器官性状及生物量占比，并进行正态性检验和方差分析，利用标准化主轴回归分析探明川贝母的生物量积累及其异速生长规律。结果表明，不同年限川贝母各器官生物量大小表现为鳞茎 > 叶 > 地下茎 > 根；川贝母鳞茎及叶片生物量在第4年增长最多，根系及地下茎生物量在第5年增长最多；川贝母地上部分与地下部分生物量均随生长年限的增长而不断增大，且地上部分各器官生物量间均差异显著(P < 0.05)。整个生长过程中，川贝母各器官生物量占总生物量的比例随年限增长而有所变化，且各器官生物量与总生物量之间均正相关。除生长第5年川贝母花和果的生物量与总生物量为等速生长模式外，其余年限川贝母各器官生物量与总生物量皆为异速生长模式，为人工生产川贝母提供理论依据。
English
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参考文献
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图 1 不同年限川贝母各器官形态特征图
A，1年；B，2年；C，3年；D，4年；E，5年。
Figure 1. Morphological characteristics of Fritillaria cirrhosa cultivated for different years
A, one year; B, two years; C, three years; D, four years; E, five years.
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图 2 不同年限川贝母各器官生物量
纵坐标为负表示地下部分；纵坐标为正表示地上部分；下同。不同大写字母表示川贝母不同年限同器官生物量间显著差异(P < 0.05)。
Figure 2. Biomass of various organs of Fritillaria cirrhosa over the course of five years
The negative and positive vertical axes represent the below- and aboveground parts, respectively. This is applicable for the following figures as well. Different capital letters indicate significant differences among the same organ biomass of F. cirrhosa in different years at the 0.05 level.
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图 3 不同年限川贝母各器官生物量比例
A，1年；B，2年；C，3年；D，4年；E，5年。
Figure 3. Proportional biomass of various organs of Fritillaria cirrhosa at different years
A, one year; B, two years; C, three years; D, four years; E, five years.
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图 4 不同年限川贝母地上部分与地下部分生物量
不同大写字母表示川贝母不同年限相同部位生物量间存在显著差异(P < 0.05)。
Figure 4. Biomass of the above- and belowground parts of Fritillaria cirrhosa at different years
Different capital letters indicate significant differences in the biomass between different years and the same parts of Fritillaria cirrhosa at the 0.05 level.
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图 5 川贝母各器官生物量与总生物量的关系
**表示各器官生物量与总生物量间差异极显著(P < 0.01)，R2为直线回归方程的拟合系数。
Figure 5. Relationship between the organ biomass and total biomass in Fritillaria cirrhosa
**indicate significant difference at the 0.01 level, R2 indicates the fitting coefficient of linear regression equation.
表 1 不同年限川贝母各器官生物量
Table 1 Organ biomass of Fritillaria fritillaria in different years
器官
Organ1年
One year2年
Two years3年
Three years4年
Four years5年
Five years根 Root 0.000 1 ± 0.000 0E 0.000 5 ± 0.000 1D 0.002 2 ± 0.000 3C 0.009 2 ± 0.001 6B 0.023 5 ± 0.002 5A 鳞茎 Bulb 0.003 3 ± 0.000 3D 0.045 6 ± 0.002 8C 0.128 3 ± 0.020 6B 0.910 5 ± 0.044 2A 1.153 5 ± 0.108 1A 地下茎 Belowground stem 0.000 3 ± 0.000 0E 0.003 5 ± 0.000 3D 0.007 9 ± 0.000 7C 0.023 0 ± 0.002 5B 0.100 7 ± 0.010 7A 地上茎 Aboveground stem − − − 0.079 5 ± 0.006 0A 0.470 7 ± 0.039 5A 叶 Leaf 0.001 1 ± 0.000 1E 0.024 7 ± 0.001 5D 0.052 3 ± 0.002 8C 0.178 0 ± 0.009 0B 0.274 4 ± 0.018 9A 花梗 Pedicel − − − − 0.051 6 ± 0.006 7A 花(果) Flower (fruit) − − − − 0.172 5 ± 0.010 4A 同行不同大写字母表示川贝母相同器官不同生长年限间生物量存在显著差异(P < 0.05)。
Different capital letters within the same row indicate significant differences in the biomass of the same Fritillaria cirrhosa organ between different years at the 0.05 level.
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表 2 不同年限川贝母总生物量(y)与各器官生物量(x)的拟合方程及显著性检验
Table 2 Simulated equations and significance test between the total biomass (y) and biomass of various organs (x) of Fritillaria cirrhosa at different years
年限
Growth year异速关系
Allometric relationship拟合方程
Fitted equationR2 P 1 根生物量与总生物量 Root biomass and total biomass − − − 鳞茎生物量与总生物量 Bulb biomass and total biomass log y = 0.723 3 log x − 0.523 8 0.892 0.000 地下茎生物量与总生物量 Belowground stem biomass and total biomass log y = 0.321 8 log x − 1.150 9 0.049 0.426 叶生物量与总生物量 Leaf biomass and total biomass log y = 0.674 6 log x − 0.326 1 0.029 0.544 2 根生物量与总生物量 Root biomass and total biomass log y = 0.244 6 log x − 0.319 9 0.000 0.943 鳞茎生物量与总生物量 Bulb biomass and total biomass log y = 0.539 4 log x − 0.402 8 0.749 0.000 地下茎生物量与总生物量 Belowground stem biomass and total biomass log y = 0.423 5 log x − 0.083 2 0.213 0.083 叶生物量与总生物量 Leaf biomass and total biomass log y = − 0.494 5 log x − 1.933 1 0.004 0.817 3 根生物量与总生物量 Root biomass and total biomass log y = 0.504 3 log x + 0.635 3 0.062 0.370 鳞茎生物量与总生物量 Bulb biomass and total biomass log y = 0.610 6 log x − 0.155 0 0.975 0.000 地下茎生物量与总生物量 Belowground stem biomass and total biomass log y = 1.363 2 log x + 2.133 8 0.350 0.020 叶生物量与总生物量 Leaf biomass and total biomass log y = 2.483 9 log x + 2.43 8 6 0.127 0.192 4 根生物量与总生物量 Root biomass and total biomass log y = − 0.269 7 log x − 0.497 6 0.190 0.104 鳞茎生物量与总生物量 Bulb biomass and total biomass log y = 0.781 4 log x + 0.112 4 0.961 0.000 地下茎生物量与总生物量 Belowground stem biomass and total biomass log y = 0.450 1 log x + 0.824 8 0.103 0.243 叶生物量与总生物量 Leaf biomass and total biomass log y = 0.820 2 log x + 0.695 5 0.148 0.156 地上茎生物量与总生物量 Aboveground stem biomass and total biomass log y = 0.530 3 log x + 0.667 3 0.025 0.575 5 根生物量与总生物量 Root biomass and total biomass log y = − 0.429 4 log x − 0.383 7 0.147 0.158 鳞茎生物量与总生物量 Bulb biomass and total biomass log y = 0.724 8 log x + 0.311 7 0.837 0.000 地下茎生物量与总生物量 Belowground stem biomass and total biomass log y = 0.597 3 log x + 0.955 0 0.409 0.010 叶生物量与总生物量 Leaf biomass and total biomass log y = 0.907 2 log x + 0.861 7 0.362 0.018 地上茎生物量与总生物量 Aboveground stem biomass and total biomass log y = 0.772 4 log x + 0.607 6 0.487 0.004 花(果)生物量与总生物量 Flower (fruit) biomass and total biomass log y = 1.006 0 log x + 1.118 0 0.098 0.257 花梗生物量与总生物量 Pedicel biomass and total biomass log y = 0.509 5 log x + 1.019 0 0.086 0.289
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[1] 马艳珠, 崔治家, 张小荣, 邵晶, 晋玲, 马毅, 王振恒, 刘立, 曹小洪, 雷有庭. 中药川贝母资源学与商品鉴别研究进展. 世界中医药, 2022, 17(13): 1944-1950. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2022.13.024 MA Y Z, CUI Z J, ZHANG X R, SHAO J, JIN L, MA Y, WANG Z H, LIU L, CAO X H, LEI Y T. Resources and identification of bulbus Fritillariae cirrhosae: A review. World Chinese Medicine, 2022, 17(13): 1944-1950. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2022.13.024
[2] 熊浩荣, 马朝旭, 国慧, 杨振安, 赵川, 杨刚. 川贝母野生基原植物资源分布和保育研究进展. 中草药, 2020, 51(9): 2573-2579. XIONG H R, MA C X, GUO H, YANG Z A, ZHAO C, YANG G. Research progress on wild source plant resources distribution and conservation of Fritillariae cirrhosae bulbus. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2020, 51(9): 2573-2579.
[3] CUNNINGHAM A B, BRINCKMANN J A, PEI S J, LUO P, SCHIPPMANN U, LONG X, BI Y F. High altitude species, high profits: Can the trade in wild harvested Fritillaria cirrhosa (Liliaceae) be sustained? Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2018, 15(223): 142-151.
[4] 中华人民共和国国家林业局, 中华人民共和国农业部. 国家重点保护野生植物名录: 2021年15号令. The State Forestry Administration, The Ministry of Agriculture. The National Key Protected Wild Plants List: 15, 2021.
[5] NIKLAS K J. Modelling below-and above-ground biomass for non-woody and woody plants. Annals of Botany, 2005, 95(2): 315-321. doi: 10.1093/aob/mci028
[6] 程栋梁, 钟全林, 林茂兹, 金美芳, 钱瑞芳. 植物代谢速率与个体生物量关系研究进展. 生态学报, 2011, 31(8): 2312-2320. CHNEG D L, ZHONG Q L, LIN M Z, JIN M F, QIAN R F. The advance of allometric studies on plant metabolic rates and biomass. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2011, 31(8): 2312-2320.
[7] 李春萍, 李刚, 肖春旺. 异速生长关系在陆地生态系统生物量估测中的应用. 世界科技研究与发展, 2007, 29(2): 51-57. LI C P, LI G, XIAO C W. The application of a llom etric relationships in biomass estimation in terrestria ecosystems. World Sci-tech R & D, 2007, 29(2): 51-57.
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