Effect of different chlorocholine chlorid (CCC) concentrations on lodging resistance and seed yield of rye

In order to find the optimal chlorocholine chlorid (CCC) concentration for enhancing lodging resistance and seed yield of rye, the effects of different CCC concentrations (0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4%) were tested in this study. The main results were as follows: at CCC concentrations of 0.3%, and 0.4%, plant height decreased by about 30 cm, on average, and internode length was shortened. The outer diameter, bending resistance, potassium content,soluble sugars, and the lodging resistance index of the second internode increased, whereas nitrogen content decreased. Furthermore, rye seed yields of the 0.3% and 0.4% treatment groups were significantly higher than those of the control groups(without CCC). Seed yield of rye was significantly correlated with plant height, outer diameter, potassium (K) and nitrogen (N) content in the second internode at 0.01 level, and 0.05 level, respectively, which showed that the enhancing of lodging resistance was important for increased seed yield. No significant effects of CCC concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2% were observed. From the point of economy and environmental protection, 0.3% CCC seems to be the optimal concentration due to increased yield at the lowest amount used. This study contributes to eliminating problems related to low seed yield due to the excessive plant height and softness of the stem, which is essential for high seed production in rye.