Changes in land use and landscape patterns in Xanadu site

Cultural grassland relics are the soul of national grassland culture, and have great significance for strengthening the protection of cultural grassland relics. Using remote sensing, geographic information system technology, and landscape analysis software, this study selected single land-use dynamics, comprehensive land-use dynamics, land-use transfer matrix, and landscape pattern index to analyze changes in land-use and landscape patterns of Xanadu site over the past 30 years. The following results were obtained: 1) Grassland is the most important land-use type of the Yuanshangdu site, and the area fluctuated during the study period. 2) In the past 30 years, grassland, woodland, and farmland of the Xanadu site have been frequently transformed, with constant changes in landscape indicators. 3) From 2000 to 2005, the comprehensive dynamic degree of land use was the highest, the single land-use dynamics of forest changed at the highest change. 4) Overall, the landscape is fragile and is becoming more and more diversified and fragmented; however, it has gradually stabilized. The development of an ecological construction project and the constant change of farmer and herdsman production modes are the main reasons for the change. Maintaining the stability of grassland-type area and grassland landscapes, and preventing grassland degradation, is important for protecting the Xanadu site.