Comprehensive assessment of water resources carrying capacity in the northwest Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei agro-pastoral ecotone

The shortage of water resources is one of the main constraints restricting regional economic and social development . Ensuring a balance between the development process and the water resource carrying capacity has always been a major challenge. The study combines the entropy weight method with the multi-level comprehensive fuzzy evaluation method, and analyzes and investigates the current situation, as well as the spatial and temporal development of the water resource carrying capacity of Zhangjiakou City from four perspectives: water resources, economy, society, and ecological environment. The results show that the water resource carrying capacity of Zhangjiakou City was low in 2017; moreover, most regions are in a critical bearing or overload state. From 2005 to 2017, the water resource carrying capacity of Zhangjiakou City increased slightly over time, with a significant spatial differentiation . This study will provide a reference for urban water resource planning, as well as for the sustainable development and utilization of water resources in the region.