Research progress on ecological restoration of land damaged by landslides in typical loess hilly regions of the Loess Plateau

China is a country with frequent geological disasters, including landslides. The loess hilly region of central Gansu is located at the upper reaches of the Yellow River basin in the western section of the Loess Plateau. It has experienced a high incidence of landslides for a long period of time. Secondary disasters triggered by unexpected landslides have brought hidden dangers to the security of local human life and property. In recent years, with enhanced control and strengthened social investment, theoretical research and methods of technical restoration following landslides have been developed. In particular, progress in ecological restoration has been made. However, limitations and deficiencies in our understanding remain because of a lack of systematic research of existing restoration of damaged land. This paper reviews the factors and existing models of restoration of landslides in the loess hilly region of central Gansu. First, the environmental profile of the study area was examined using GIS to display background information. Bibliometric analysis was then used to systematically summarize research hotspots in this field. Finally, a research framework for land restoration, including solutions to shortcomings of the current restoration of land damaged by landslides, is discussed, including an explanation of the necessity for the prediction of landslide damage and management, highlighting the future potential for future management of landslides to promote effective restoration.