Molecular regulation mechanism of VH+ATPase adapt to environmental stress in plant

The vacuolar H+ATPases is an important proton pump in plant cells. It obtains energy from ATP hydrolysis and transports protons into vacuoles to form electrochemical gradients across the membranes. The VH+ATPases energizes the secondary transport systems presented in both intracellular and plasma membranes, which is essential biochemical processes to maintenance the intracellular solute balance and plant physiological activity. Under stress conditions, such as excess salt, drought, cold and soil heavy metal stress, plant cell viability depends largely on the VH+ATPase activity and regulation of gene expression and activity of the VH+ATPase are molecular foundation of plants adaption to environment. The VH+ATPase is one of most important H+ proton pumps in internal membrane systems of plant cells, molecular regulation mechanisms of VH+ATPase adaption to environmental stress were summarized and the prospects for VH+ATPase in biological treatments of salinealkali soil and in application of molecular biology were also discussed in this paper.