不同盐浓度下9份老芒麦种质材料的萌发及生理特性

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孙清洋, 李志勇, 李鸿雁, 李俊. 不同盐浓度下9份老芒麦种质材料的萌发及生理特性. 草业科学, 2016,33(11):2266-2275
Sun Qing-yang, Li Zhi-yong, Li Hong-yan, Li Jun. Seed germination and physiological characteristics of nine Elymus sibiricus accessions under diferent salt stress . Pratacultural Science,2016,33(11): 2266-2275 复制到剪切板

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《草业科学》编辑部

不同盐浓度下9份老芒麦种质材料的萌发及生理特性

孙清洋^1,², 李志勇², 李鸿雁², 李俊²

1.中国农业科学院研究生院,北京 100081

2.中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特 010010

通讯作者:李志勇(1965-),男,内蒙古凉城人,研究员,博士,研究方向为牧草种质资源鉴定、评价、保存与创新。E-mail:[email protected]

第一作者:孙清洋(1988-),男,山东淄博人,在读硕士生,研究方向为牧草种质资源鉴定评价与创新利用。E-mail:[email protected]

收稿日期: 2016-03-21

基金: “十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题“淀粉类(小麦野生材料)种质遗传完整性新技术研究及监测”(2013BAD01B0105); 牧草种质资源保护项目(2015-167); 农作物种质资源保护项目(2015NWB037)

摘要

为研究不同老芒麦( Elymus sibiricus)种质材料耐盐性表现,以筛选出耐盐品种,为耐盐老芒麦种质材料育种提供科学支撑,采用不同浓度梯度NaCl溶液(0.3%、0.6%、0.9%、1.2%、1.5%和1.8%)模拟盐胁迫,对9份来自全国不同地区的老芒麦种质材料进行耐盐处理,筛选出老芒麦萌发期适宜浓度,分别测定其萌发指标及幼苗叶片生理指标(脯氨酸、超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛),分析不同浓度胁迫下指标的变化情况,并对9份老芒麦的耐盐性进行综合评价。结果表明,NaCl胁迫对老芒麦种子的相对发芽率、发芽指数均产生抑制影响,抑制了胚根与胚芽的生长,其叶片中超氧化物歧化酶活性、丙二醛及脯氨酸含量对盐胁迫浓度变化响应灵敏,0.9%NaCl盐浓度为合适的萌发期筛选浓度,根据隶属函数法进行综合评价,9份老芒麦材料耐盐性由强到弱依次为E03、E04、E08、E09、E07、E05、E06、E02和E01。

关键词: 老芒麦; 耐盐性; 萌发; 生理特性; 隶属函数法

中图分类号:S543⁺.903.4 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-0629(2016)11-2266-10 doi: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2016-0004

Seed germination and physiological characteristics of nine Elymus sibiricus accessions under diferent salt stress

Sun Qing-yang^1,², Li Zhi-yong², Li Hong-yan², Li Jun²

1.Graduate School Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081,China

2.Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, China

Corresponding author: Li Zhi-yong E-mail:[email protected]

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the salt resistence of different Elymus sibiricus germplasm and to screen varieties with salt resistance. The seeds of nine E. sibiricus were treated with different NaCl solutions of 0, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, 1.5% and 1.8%, to select the best concentration of NaCl solution. The salt stress of nine accessions was studied in germination index and seedling leaf physiological indexes. The results of this study showed that the salt decreased the relative germination rate and relative germination index, inhibited the growth of radicle length and plumule length. It was obvious that the level of SOD enzyme activities, MDA, proline in the leaves at seedling stage were sensitive to the level of salt stress. The concentration of 0.9% NaCl was suitable for screening salt tolerance in E. sibiricus at seed germination stage. According to the descending order of the comprehensive evaluation of salt resistance, the order of nine E. sibiricus accessions from high to low was E03, E04, E08, E09, E07, E05, E06, E02, E01.

Keyword: Elymus sibiricus; salt tolerance; seed germination; physiological characteristics; membership function method

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土壤盐碱化是阻碍世界农业发展的主要生态因素之一, 严重限制了作物生长, 对作物的产量和品质影响显著^[1]。目前, 盐碱地约占世界陆地总面积的10%左右, 达9.5亿hm²^[2], 我国是盐碱地大国, 盐碱地分布范围广, 其中东北半湿润-半干旱-草甸盐渍区与西藏高寒漠境区多以草甸沼泽土为主; 青、新极端干旱漠境区、内蒙古干旱-半漠境草原区因降水量小, 蒸发量大, 干旱程度重, 溶解在水中的盐分容易在土壤表层积聚, 其盐渍强度也较高。不同植物在不同生长阶段对于盐胁迫的应激反应是有差异的, 因此, 筛选培育耐盐新品种已经成为开发利用盐渍化土壤的最有效途径。植物的萌发期是决定其能否在盐胁迫下完成整个生育过程的关键时期, 其发芽状况、胚根胚芽的生长等都为植物以后的生长和发育起决定性的作用^{[3, 4]}; 是进行植物耐盐性早期鉴定及耐盐品种早期选择的基础^[5]。

老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus)为禾本科小麦族披碱草属多年生疏丛型中旱生植物^[6], 具有适应性强、抗寒、抗旱和耐盐等特性, 在草地畜牧业中发挥了巨大作用^{[7, 8]}, 对于开发利用盐碱地资源具有重要的意义。目前, 关于老芒麦耐盐性的研究主要集中在禾本科不同牧草与老芒麦材料之间的比较^{[9, 10, 11, 12]}, 关于老芒麦耐盐性鉴定、耐盐性机理等方面的研究报道较少。本研究通过对9份老芒麦种质材料在不同NaCl浓度下其萌发及生理指标的全面测定, 综合评价其耐盐性, 旨为老芒麦的耐盐育种提供亲本材料, 为培育老芒麦新品种奠定基础。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料处理

供试材料由中国农业科学院草原研究所国家种质牧草中期库提供, 老芒麦种质资源材料来源于中国的8个省(市、自治区)以及俄罗斯。采集地包括西藏高寒漠境盐渍区, 黄河中上游干旱-半漠境盐渍区, 内蒙古高原干旱-半漠境草原盐渍区, 东北半湿润-半干旱草原、草甸盐渍区, 青、新极端干旱漠境盐渍区等地, 地理来源及编号详见表1。

表1 材料与来源 Table 1 Test material and origination

1.2 试验方法

试验于2015年3月在农业部沙尔沁牧草资源重点科学观测试验站试验温室中进行, 人工温室温度控制在27~30 ℃, 湿度控制在58%~62%。采用培养皿纸上发芽法, 用铺有两层滤纸直径9 cm培养皿做发芽床, 选取成熟饱满、均匀一致的老芒麦种子, 经1%的次氯酸钠溶液消毒5 min后, 每皿放入50粒种子进行试验, 分别加入等体积的浓度为0.3%、0.6%、0.9%、1.2%、1.5%和1.8%的NaCl溶液进行盐胁迫处理。每个浓度4个重复, 以蒸馏水作为对照。每日16:00―20:00用称量法根据水分蒸发量加入蒸馏水以维持盐浓度, 在人工光照培养箱中培养, 恒温25 ℃, 相对湿度(70± 5)%, 光照间隔12 h, 第2天开始观察并记录老芒麦种子萌发情况, 第8天统计发芽率。

将老芒麦种子放在铺有双层滤纸的培养皿中, 发芽后移入人工温室内装有风干苗圃土的花盆中, 花盆与土重量共计2.5 kg。花盆高14 cm, 内径18.5 cm, 底径12.5 cm。每盆定株10株, 3次重复。苗圃土含盐量极低, 可以忽略不计。待幼苗长到40 d分蘖期时, 将分析纯氯化钠溶解于定量的蒸馏水中, 处理盐浓度分别为0.3%、0.6%、0.9%、1.2%、1.5%和1.8%, 每个处理4个重复, 并以空白处理为对照。处理期间每2 d称花盆重量, 用蒸馏水补充蒸发水分, 以保持盐浓度。

1.3 指标测定与方法

1.3.1 萌发指标的测定每天统计发芽种子数(以胚根至少与种子等长, 苗高不短于种子直径的1/2为发芽标准), 第2天开始记录种子萌发情况, 第8天测定发芽率并计算其相对发芽率, 随机取10株萌发幼苗测定其胚根长和胚芽长, 并计算相对胚根长和相对胚芽长。根据公式计算^{[13, 14]}:

相对发芽率=处理种子发芽率/对照种子发芽率× 100%;

发芽指数=∑ (G_t/D_t);

式中:G_t为t天的发芽率; D_t为相应的天数。

相对发芽指数=处理种子发芽指数/对照种子发芽指数× 100%;

相对胚根长=处理种子胚根长/对照种子胚根长× 100%;

相对胚芽长=处理种子胚芽长/对照种子胚芽长× 100%。

1.3.2 生理指标的测定脯氨酸(Pro)含量测定采用酸式茚三酮法^[15], 超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的测定采用氮蓝四唑(NBT)法^[16], 以抑制NBT光化还原的50%为1个酶活性单位表示, 丙二醛(MDA)采用硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)法^[17]。

1.4 耐盐性综合评价

应用隶属函数法对老芒麦种子萌发期耐盐性进行综合评价。先利用公式X(μ )=(X-X_min)/(X_max-X_min)计算每份材料的相对发芽率、相对胚根长等具体隶属函数值^[18]。式中, X为参试材料某一指标的测定值, X_max和X_min分别为所有材料中该指标的最大值和最小值, 将各项指标隶属函数值累加, 求其平均值为综合评价值。根据各材料平均隶属函数值大小确定其耐盐性强弱。

1.5 数据处理

采用Excel作图, 数据以“ 平均值± 标准误” 表示, 用SPSS18.0软件进行方差分析及相关性分析, 用隶属函数法评价各供试材料的耐盐性强弱。

2 结果与分析

2.1 盐胁迫对老芒麦相对发芽率的影响

随着盐浓度的增加, 9份材料的相对发芽率大都呈下降趋势, 不同来源的老芒麦种子发芽率对盐胁迫的响应不同(表2), 处理组E03、E04、E08在0.3%盐浓度时的相对发芽率高于对照, 其中E03与对照相比差异显著(P< 0.05); 其它6份材料随着NaCl浓度的升高, 相对发芽率呈依次降低趋势。NaCl浓度为0.6%时, 处理组E02、E05、E06、E07、E09相对发芽率低于对照组且与之差异显著(P< 0.05); NaCl浓度为0.9%时, 不同供试材料之间相对发芽率差异较大, E04相对发芽率最大, 为89.00%, E01、E06相对发芽率则低于50%, 表明0.9%盐浓度对供试材料相对发芽率影响较大; 当NaCl浓度> 0.9%时, 除E08外, 其它材料相对发芽率均显著低于0.9%处理组; 在NaCl浓度为1.8%时, 处理组E06的相对发芽率降幅最大, 其相对发芽率为0, 降幅最小的是E04, 相对发芽率为28.67%。

表2 不同质量分数NaCl胁迫下老芒麦种质材料的相对发芽率(%) Table 2 Effects of different NaCl stress on relative seed germination rate(%) of different strains of Elymus sibiricus

2.2 盐胁迫对老芒麦相对发芽指数的影响

各材料种子相对发芽指数随着盐浓度的增加大都呈下降趋势(表3), 在NaCl浓度为0.3%时, 处理组E01、E02、E04、E05、E06、E07、E08低于对照且与之差异显著(P< 0.05), E03、E09与对照相比差异不显著(P> 0.05); 除处理组E01、E02外, 其它材料在NaCl浓度为0.3%时发芽指数均高于其它高浓度盐处理。与对照相比, 1.8%NaCl处理下的E09相对发芽指数下降幅度最小, 为81.00%, E01相对发芽指数降幅最大, 为90.67%。

表3 不同质量分数NaCl胁迫下老芒麦种质材料的相对发芽指数(%) Table 3 Effects of different NaCl stress on relative seed germination index(%) of different of Elymus sibiricus

2.3 盐胁迫对老芒麦幼苗生长的影响

处理组E01、E04、E07、E09幼苗的相对胚根长随着NaCl浓度的增加表现为先升后降的趋势(表4), 在NaCl浓度为0.3%时, 这4份材料相对胚根长均高于对照, 但与对照相比差异不显著(P> 0.05); 其中E09相对胚根长最高, 为116%, 显著高于其它材料(P< 0.05), 其它材料均随着NaCl浓度的增加而下降。当NaCl的浓度≥ 0.9%时, 所有材料相对胚根长均显著低于对照(P< 0.05)。与对照相比, 1.8%NaCl浓度处理下的E05的相对胚根长降幅最大, 为81.78%, E09的相对胚根长降幅最小, 为46.20%。

表4 不同质量分数NaCl胁迫下老芒麦种质材料的相对胚根长(%) Table 4 Effects of different NaCl stress on relative radicle length(%) of different Elymus sibiricus materials

随着NaCl浓度的不断升高, 处理组 E03、E08、E09的相对胚芽长出现先升高后下降的现象(表5), 与对照相比, 在NaCl浓度为0.3%时, E03、E08、E09相对胚芽长高于对照, 且差异显著(P< 0.05); 其它材料相对胚芽长显著低于对照(P< 0.05)。与对照相比, 在1.8%NaCl处理下, E05的相对胚芽长降幅最大, 达76.95%; E04的相对胚芽长下降幅度最小, 为61.11%。

表5 不同质量分数NaCl胁迫下老芒麦种质材料的相对胚芽长(%) Table 5 Effects of different NaCl stress on relative relative plumule length(%) of Elymus sibiricus materials

2.4 盐胁迫对老芒麦SOD活性的影响

SOD是植物体内保护细胞膜并免受自由基伤害的重要物质, 其活性的高低能够反映植物自身的修复能力, 活性越高则说明其修复能力越强, 植物忍耐和抵抗逆境胁迫的能力越强。9份老芒麦种质材料随着NaCl 浓度的不断升高, 其活性出现先升高后降低的现象(表6)。当盐浓度在0.3%~0.9%时, 各供试材料SOD活性变化幅度较小, 说明老芒麦幼苗对低浓度盐胁迫有一定耐盐能力。随着盐胁迫的加剧, 当盐浓度为1.2%时, 除E02外, 各供试材料SOD活性显著增加, 与对照相比差异显著(P< 0.05); 除E02、E08外, 其它材料的SOD活性均达到最大值, 说明1.2%NaCl是其最佳耐受盐度。当盐浓度在1.5%~1.8%时, 不同材料SOD活性显著降低, 这可能与其自身特性有关, 当盐浓度超过其耐受盐浓度的” 阙值” , 其自身防御系统被破坏, 导致SOD酶活性显著降低; E08的SOD活性变化幅度最大, 说明其对盐胁迫的敏感度最大。

表6 不同质量分数NaCl胁迫下老芒卖种质材料的超氧化物岐化酶活性、丙二醛含量和脯氨酸含量 Table 6 Effects of different NaCl stress on SOD activity, MDA content, Pro content of Elymus sibiricus material

2.5 盐胁迫对老芒麦丙二醛含量的影响

随着盐胁迫强度的加剧, 各老芒麦种质材料的叶片中丙二醛(MDA)的含量均出现不同程度的升高(表6), 当NaCl浓度在0~0.6%时, 各供试材料叶片中MDA含量增加, 但其变化幅度较小, 当NaCl为0.9%时, 各处理组MDA含量明显增加, 与对照相比均差异显著(P< 0.05), 其中处理组E01变化幅度最大, 为对照的2.23倍; 在盐浓度为1.8%时, 除E07外, 各处理组叶片中MDA含量均达到最高值; 其中E09最大, 为35.55 nmol· g^-1, 所有材料中E08变化幅度最小, 其叶片中MDA含量是对照的1.77倍, 说明其具有较强的耐盐能力。

2.6 盐胁迫对老芒麦脯氨酸含量的影响

在正常生长条件下, 老芒麦脯氨酸含量较低, 但在逆境条件下, 脯氨酸含量会大量累积。随着盐浓度的升高, 各老芒麦种质材料叶片中脯氨酸含量不断递增(表6)。用1.2%NaCl浓度处理后, 各处理组老芒麦种质材料脯氨酸含量出现大幅度的上升, 且与对照相比差异显著(P< 0.05)。在盐浓度为1.8%时, 各处理组中脯氨酸含量均达到最大值, 其中E06变化幅度最大, 脯氨酸含量为1 009.21 μ g· g^-1, 说明其对盐胁迫比较敏感; E08脯氨酸含量是对照的3.72倍, 增加幅度最小, 表明该材料耐盐性较好。

2.7 老芒麦种子耐盐性指标相关性分析及抗盐性综合评价

植物的耐盐表现是涉及到生理、生化等多方面的综合反应。不同耐盐指标间必然存在一定的相关性, 这种相关性有助于进一步了解老芒麦耐盐性。通过对老芒麦耐盐指标的相关性分析发现(表7):大多数性状间的相关性均达到了极显著水平(P< 0.01)。其中相对发芽率与相对发芽指数相关性极显著, 相关系数达到0.935。相对发芽指数与相对胚芽长相关性极显著, 相关系数为0.903, 相对胚芽长与相对发芽率的相关系数也达到0.921。SOD活性与丙二醛含量相关性也极显著(P< 0.01)。

表7 老芒麦耐盐指标间的相关性分析 Table 7 Lincar correlation among Salt tolerance index of Elymus sibiricus

由NaCl浓度对供试材料的相对发芽率、相对胚根长、SOD等7项指标的影响可知, 0.9%浓度NaCl盐溶液对老芒麦萌发期影响显著, 可以作为老芒麦芽期耐盐性材料筛选的最适处理浓度。采用隶属函数法对供试9份老芒麦种质材料的相对发芽率、相对发芽指数等7个指标进行隶属函数值计算, 结果表明, 耐盐性强弱顺序依次为 E03> E04> E08> E09> E07> E05> E06> E02> E01(表8)。

表8 老芒麦种质资源耐盐性隶属函数值及综合评价 Table 8 The results of membership function of salt tolerance of Elymus sibiricus and comprehensive evaluation

3 讨论与结论

盐胁迫是一种普遍的非生物胁迫, 在整个植物生长和发育过程中是主要的限制性环境因素^{[19, 20]}。植物对盐胁迫的反应可能是复杂的系统性过程, 其耐盐能力是多种代谢的综合体现。采用6个不同浓度NaCl溶液对不同来源的芒属(Miscanthus)植物种子胁迫的研究表明, 随着NaCI溶液浓度的升高, 芒属植物种子的相对发芽率、发芽指数等萌发指标均呈下降趋势^[21]。本研究结果表明, 随着盐浓度的升高, 老芒麦种子的相对发芽率、相对发芽指数均大都呈现下降趋势, 但在低浓度胁迫下, E03、E08的相对发芽率高于对照, 出现这种现象可能是低浓度盐胁迫会促进老芒麦的种子的某些萌发过程, 这与窦声云等^[11]的研究结果一致。

植物处于盐逆境胁迫下, 植物体内通过提高自身抗氧化系统活性来平衡失衡的活性氧代谢^[22]。采用不同NaCl浓度对高寒老芒麦进行胁迫研究^[23], 结果显示SOD、CAT活性随着NaCl浓度的增加, 在150 mmol· L^-1胁迫时活性达到最大, 而后呈现降低趋势。本研究中, 随着盐胁迫程度的升高, 在1.2%NaCl浓度下, SOD活性达到峰值, 随后不断下降, 同时随着NaCl浓度的不断升高, 老芒麦叶片中的脯氨酸和丙二醛含量也随之不断的上升, 以降低细胞的渗透势, 应对不利的逆境环境。

本研究选择来自全国不同盐渍地区的9份老芒麦种质作为试验材料, 在0.3%~1.8%NaCl盐浓度下进行耐盐性鉴定, 结果显示, 在0.9%NaCl处理下, 不同材料间的相对发芽率、相对发芽指数、相对胚根长、相对胚芽长的差异最明显, 而在其它浓度处理下, 各材料之间的差异性不大, 说明本研究中0.9%NaCl浓度是进行老芒麦萌发期耐盐性鉴定的筛选浓度。

选择不同的指标对种质材料萌发期耐盐性强弱评价时, 得到的结果可能并不完全一致。本研究采用隶属函数值对9份老芒麦种质材料的相对发芽率、超氧化物歧化酶活性等7个指标进行综合分析, 能够客观地反映出植物的耐盐能力, 结果显示, 9份老芒麦种质材料耐盐性强弱次序依次是E03、E04、E08、E09、E07、E05、E06、E02、E01。

植物耐盐性是由多因素相互作用而形成的一个较为复杂的生态生理响应过程, 同一植物不同生育期对于盐胁迫的响应能力是不同的^[24]。本研究在老芒麦萌发期与苗期对供试的9份老芒麦材料进行了耐盐性综合评价, 其中E03、E04、E08耐盐性综合排名前三, 表现为较强的耐盐性, 可以应用于耐盐栽培, 为老芒麦耐盐品种的选育提供了材料。

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

参考文献

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2014

0.0

陈新, 张宗文, 吴斌. 裸燕麦萌发期综合评价与耐盐种质筛选. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(10): 2038-2040.

Chen

, Zhang Z

, Wu

Comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance and screening for salt tolerant accessions of naked oat ( Avena nuda L. ) at germination stage.

Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(10): 2038-2040. (in Chinese)

【Objective】Salt tolerance of 278 naked oat accessions from different ecological zones at germination stage were comprehensively evaluated in order to provide a guide for identification and evaluation of salt tolerance of naked oat, and supply abundant materials of salt tolerance for breeding of salt tolerance as breeding parents.【Method】Identification for salt tolerant germplasm of naked oat was conducted in an artificial climate incubator with germination method on paper in petri dish under 1.2% NaCl aqueous solution and distilled water, respectively. The culture condition was constant temperature 25℃, relative humidity (70±5)%, 12 h light (6:00-18:00), light intensity 150 μmol?m-2?s-1 in the incubator. When the length of radicle was equal to that of kernel at least, and the shoot height was not less than 1/2 of seed length, the seed was considered as germinated. Germination potential of tested accessions was counted after 96 hours cultivation. Final germination rate, length of the longest primary root and seedling height were measured after 168 hours cultivation. These four traits were used to identify salt tolerance of tested accessions. Based on salt tolerance coefficients derived from four identification indices, the weight of each index was allocated according to variation coefficient of membership function value of four salt tolerance coefficients, and 278 naked oat accessions were evaluated for salt tolerance with the weighted membership function method and classified through cluster analysis.【Result】Compared with distilled water control, germination potential and germination rate of all accessions were declined except SHX88 and NM47, and the root length and seedling height of all accessions were suppressed by salt stress. There were differences among tested accessions based on the four kinds of identification indices. With the weighted membership function method and cluster analysis, salt tolerance of 278 naked oat accessions were comprehensively evaluated and categorized into five grades. Seventeen accessions were highly salt tolerant, 114 accessions were salt tolerant, 106 accessions were middle tolerant, 25 accessions were susceptible and 16 accessions were highly susceptible. Germination potential and germination rate were closer with salt tolerance at germination stage among the four identification indices, but germination rate was more variable than germination potential among tested accessions.【Conclusion】Germination rate is an efficient identification index for rapid identifying and preliminary screening of salt tolerant accessions. The weighted membership function method has good application value in the comprehensive evaluation of tolerance of naked oat to salt stress. SHX75 and other sixteen naked oat accessions which are highly tolerant to salt stress have provided a basis for breeding, cultivation and mechanism research of salt tolerance.

【目的】对来自不同生态区的278份裸燕麦种质在萌发期的耐盐性进行综合评价，以期为裸燕麦萌发期耐盐性的鉴定和评价提供方法指导，同时为裸燕麦耐盐育种的亲本选择提供丰富的耐盐材料。【方法】以1.2%NaCl水溶液进行盐胁迫，以蒸馏水培养为对照，利用培养皿纸上发芽法在人工气候培养箱中进行裸燕麦种质萌发期的耐盐性鉴定，培养条件为25℃恒温、相对湿度（70±5）%、每天12 h光照（6:00—18:00）、光照强度150 μmol?m-2?s-1。以胚根至少与种子等长、苗高不短于种子长的1/2为发芽标准，培养96 h时统计各供试种质的发芽势，培养168 h时统计各供试种质的最终发芽率并测量幼苗的最长初生根长和苗高，以发芽势、发芽率、根长、苗高4个性状来鉴定供试种质对盐胁迫的反应。以基于4个鉴定指标的耐盐系数为评价依据，根据各指标耐盐系数的隶属函数值的变异系数来分配各指标的权重，利用加权隶属函数法对供试278份裸燕麦种质进行综合评价，结合聚类分析对供试种质进行耐盐性级别划分。【结果】与正常条件相比，在1.2% NaCl胁迫下，除了SHX88和NM47以外，其他所有材料的发芽势和发芽率都降低；所有材料的根长和苗高都受到抑制。不同材料在4个鉴定指标上都表现出差异。根据加权隶属函数值和聚类分析，可将供试278份裸燕麦种质分为耐盐性不同的5个级别：17份材料高度耐盐（1级）、114份材料耐盐（2级）、106份材料中等耐盐（3级）、25份材料对盐胁迫敏感（4级）、16份材料对盐胁迫高度敏感（5级）。在4项鉴定指标中，发芽势和发芽率与萌发期耐盐性的关系最为密切，但发芽率在材料间的表现比发芽势更为稳定。【结论】发芽率可作为裸燕麦萌发期耐盐性快速鉴定或种质资源初步筛选的鉴定指标。加权隶属函数法对于裸燕麦种质耐盐性综合评价具有较好的应用价值。SHX75等17份高耐盐性裸燕麦材料可进一步用于耐盐机理研究、耐盐育种以及盐碱地栽培。

... 土壤盐碱化是阻碍世界农业发展的主要生态因素之一,严重限制了作物生长,对作物的产量和品质影响显著^[1] ...

2002

0.0

牛东玲, 王启基, 盐碱地治理研究进展. 土壤通报, 2002, 32(6): 449-455.

Niu D

, Wang Q

Research progress on saline-alkali field control.

Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2002, 32(6): 449-455. (in Chinese)

综述了土地盐碱化形成原因和盐碱地的治理情况,着重论述了当前国内外盐碱地治理的主要研究领域.

... 5亿hm²^[2],我国是盐碱地大国,盐碱地分布范围广,其中东北半湿润-半干旱-草甸盐渍区与西藏高寒漠境区多以草甸沼泽土为主 ...

1986

0.0

... 植物的萌发期是决定其能否在盐胁迫下完成整个生育过程的关键时期,其发芽状况、胚根胚芽的生长等都为植物以后的生长和发育起决定性的作用^[3,4] ...

2003

0.0

1980

0.0

... 是进行植物耐盐性早期鉴定及耐盐品种早期选择的基础^[5] ...

1997

0.0

... 老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus)为禾本科小麦族披碱草属多年生疏丛型中旱生植物^[6],具有适应性强、抗寒、抗旱和耐盐等特性,在草地畜牧业中发挥了巨大作用^[7,8],对于开发利用盐碱地资源具有重要的意义 ...

1993

0.0

1992

0.0

盘朝邦, 王元富, 曾宁. 栽培老芒麦水热生态型分化初探. 中国草地学报, 1992, 14(5): 58-63.

Pan Z

, Wang Y

, Zeng

A primary study on the differentiation of moisture temperature ecorypes of Siberian wildrye ( Elymus sibiricus L) crops.

Chinese Journal of Grassland , 1992, 14(5): 58-63. (in Chinese)

通过对引自我国北方温带草原区域的老芒麦3个品种和川西北高寒牧区3个品种同植于川西北高寒牧区的群体生育进程、植株性状和叶片组织解剖比较,结果表明,两地域品种的生态适应性有着明显差异。它们已由水热差异为主导因子分化形成了两种气候生态型。

2014

0.0

王晓龙, 米福贵, 郭跃武, 闫利军, 刘伟伟. 不同禾本科牧草种子萌发及幼苗耐盐性鉴定. 草原与草坪, 2014, 34(1): 24-28.

Wang X

, Mi F

, Guo Y

, Yan L

, Liu W

Identification of salt-tolerance of different grass species in seed germination and seedling growthstages.

Grassland and Turf, 2014, 34(1): 24-28. (in Chinese)

采用培养皿纸上发芽法和盆栽幼苗培育法,在NaCl和Na2SO4复盐溶液7个盐浓度梯度下(0.4%~1.6%),比较分析了5种禾本科牧草种子的相对发芽率、相对发芽势、胚根胚芽比、发芽指数、简化活力指数;在NaCl和Na2SO4复盐溶液5个盐浓度梯度下(0.3%~1.5%),比较分析了5种禾本科牧草幼苗的MDA含量和游离脯氨酸含量的变化。运用隶属函数评价、分析盐胁迫对不同禾本科牧草种子萌发及幼苗的影响,为牧草耐盐性鉴定、耐盐育种和盐碱地牧草栽培提供理论参考。研究结果表明,5种禾本科牧草在萌发期和苗期耐盐能力排序依次为:垂穗披碱草细茎冰草、老芒麦扁穗冰草无芒雀麦。

... 目前,关于老芒麦耐盐性的研究主要集中在禾本科不同牧草与老芒麦材料之间的比较^[9,10,11,12],关于老芒麦耐盐性鉴定、耐盐性机理等方面的研究报道较少 ...

2010

0.0

何学青, 王娟, 胡小文, 王彦荣. NaCl胁迫对老芒麦种子发芽及幼苗荧光特性的影响. 草地学报, 2010, 18(6): 806-815.

He X

, Wang

, Hu X

, Wang Y

Effect of NaCl stress on germination and fluorescence characteristics of Elymus sibiricus seed.

Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2010, 18(6): 806-815. (in Chinese)

In order to provide information on seed germination and establishment,the effects of salt stress on germination and fluorescence characteristics of Elymus sibiricus seed were studied with different NaCl concentrations(0,100,150,200,250 mmol/L) in seed germinators.Results show that:(1)Seed germination percentage,root and shoot lengths,germination index,and vigor index all decreased as NaCl concentration increased.(2)Leaf initial fluorescence( F o ),maximum fluorescence( F m ),PSⅡprimary light energy conversion efficiency( F v / F m ) and the PSⅡprimary light energy conversion efficiency( F v / F o ) showed a declining trend as NaCl concentration increased.However,quantum yield and fluorescence efficiency of photochemical quenching( qP ) had no significant changes.As the non-photochemical quenching( qNP ) increased with the NaCl concentration increase,there is a decline when the NaCl concentration reaches 200 mmol/L.These results indicate that NaCl treatment may cause detrimental seedling growth of Elymus sibiricus .

采用不同浓度NaCl溶液(0,100,150,200,250 mmol·L -1 )处理老芒麦( Elymus sibiricus )种子,通过种子发芽特性和幼苗荧光特性的变化,研究其种子和幼苗对盐胁迫的反馈机制,为老芒麦在盐碱地的建植提供参考。结果表明:不同NaCl浓度处理对老芒麦种子发芽特性具显著影响,老芒麦种子的发芽率、根长、苗长、发芽指数和活力指数均随NaCl浓度的升高而降低;不同NaCl浓度处理显著影响老芒麦幼苗叶绿素荧光特性,随着NaCl浓度的升高,幼苗叶片初始荧光( F o )、最大荧光( F m )、可变荧光( F v )、PSⅡ光化学效率( F v / F m )和PSⅡ潜在活性( F v / F o )值均呈降低趋势,量子产量(Yield)与荧光光化学淬灭系数( qNP )无明显变化;随NaCl浓度增加非光化学淬灭系数( qNP )呈先升后降的趋势,当NaCl浓度为200 mmol·L -1 时 qNP 值开始降低。

2010

0.0

窦声云, 周学丽, 莫玉花. Na₂CO₃胁迫对老芒麦和星星草种子萌发的影响. 草业科学, 2010, 27(9): 124-127.

Dou S

, Zhou X

, Mo Y

Effect of Na₂CO₃ stress on seed germination of Elymus sibiricus cv. Tongde and Puccinellia tenutiflora.

Pratacultural Science, 2010, 27(9): 124-127. (in Chinese)

The seed germination rate, radical and plumule growth of Elymus sibiricus cv. Tongde and Puccinellia tenutiflora were observed under different concentrations of Na2CO3 solution (0,5,10,20,30,50,75 mmol/L) in lab. The results showed that as the concentration of Na2CO3 solution reached a certain value (50 mmol/L for E. sibiricus cv. Tongde and 20 mmol/L for P. tenutiflora), the seed germination rate was significant inhibited. The radical length negatively correlated with Na2CO3 concentration. Low concentration of Na2CO3 promoted the bud growth, while the high concentration had inhibitory effect but it was not significant. This suggested that the resistance of E. sibiricus cv. Tongde to Na2CO3 stress was stronger than P. tenutiflora.

采用室内培养法观察了不同浓度（0、5、10、20、30、50、75 mmol/L）Na2CO3溶液胁迫下种子的发芽率、胚根及胚芽生长状况。结果表明：当Na2CO3浓度达到一定值时[同德老芒麦（Elymus sibiricus cv.Tongde）为50 mmol/L、星星草(Puccinellia tenuiflora)为20 mmol/L]种子的发芽率受到显著抑制；幼根的长度与Na2CO3浓度呈现显著的负相关关系；低浓度的Na2CO3可促进胚芽的生长,高浓度则会产生抑制作用但影响不显著。说明同德老芒麦的种子萌发比星星草更耐Na2CO3胁迫。

... 本研究结果表明,随着盐浓度的升高,老芒麦种子的相对发芽率、相对发芽指数均大都呈现下降趋势,但在低浓度胁迫下,E03、E08的相对发芽率高于对照,出现这种现象可能是低浓度盐胁迫会促进老芒麦的种子的某些萌发过程,这与窦声云等^[11]的研究结果一致 ...

2013

0.0

李景欣, 杨帆, 赵娜, 崔国文, 殷秀杰, 王明君, 胡国富. 4种披碱草属牧草苗期耐盐性评价. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2013, 5(3): 77-79.

Li J

, Yang

, Zhao

, Cui G

, Yin X

, Wang M

, Hu G

Evaluation of salt resistance for four kinds of Elymus forage grasses in seedling period.

Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2010, 27(9): 124-127. (in Chinese)

为了科学、准确地评价披碱草属牧草苗期的耐盐性,试验设0(对照)、0.4%、0.8%、1.2%4个土壤盐浓度水平,测定不同盐浓度胁迫下4种披碱草属牧草(肥披碱草、披碱草、垂穗披碱草、老芒麦)的过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶活性以及游离脯氨酸、丙二醛含量的变化,在此基础上采用隶属函数法对牧草的耐盐性进行排序。结果表明:盐浓度在0～≤0.8%时,参试牧草的过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶活性呈明显上升趋势,但牧草对盐胁迫的响应有较大差异,随着盐浓度的升高,游离脯氨酸、丙二醛含量均呈上升趋势,4种牧草的耐盐性披碱草﹥老芒麦﹥肥披碱草﹥垂穗披碱草。

2005

0.0

... 根据公式计算^[13,14]: ...

2013

0.0

姚晓华, 吴昆仑. PEG预处理对青棵种子萌发、幼苗生长和抗旱性的影响田. 中国农业大学学报, 2013, 19(6): 80-87.

Yao X

, Wu K

Effect of PEG pretreatment on germination, growth and its drought resistance of hulless barley.

Journal of China Agricultural University, 2013, 19(6): 80-87. (in Chinese)

To explore the regulation of the polyethylene glycol(PEG) on drought-resistance of hulless barley,effects of 5%~30% of PEG pretreatment on its seed germination,seedling growth and drought-resistant were examined.The results were as the following:1) Germination and rooting rate in hulless barley seed,root length,shoot height and fresh weight in Dama hulless barley seedlings showed 'rising first and falling later’ with the increase of PEG concentration.The best treatment concentration on germination and rooting rate,root length and shoot height was 10% and the difference was significant with the control( P P <0.01),which was 1.38,1.84,0.65 and 0.71 times respectively as control.2) Compared with non-30% of PEG,soluble protein and chlorophyll content in leaves showed a remarkable decline and the malondialdehyde(MDA) content and relative conductivity showed a significant increase when the seedling suffering from 30% of PEG,but the above indexes of seedling pretreated by 15% of PEG were restricted obviously.Such as soluble protein and chlorophyll content decreased by 42.11% and 38.98% as control after suffering from 30% of PEG,but both were increased 42.80% and 1.01 times by 15% of PEG pretreatment;malondialdehyde(MDA) content and relative conductivity increased by 28.24% and 6.04% as control after suffering from 30% of PEG,but both were decreased 28.64% and 33.41% by 15% of PEG pretreatment.To sum up,PEG has a dual effect on the regulation of plant drought-resistance.At lower concentration,it can promote seed germination,seedling growth and its physiological function,but at higher concentration,it can inhibit plant growth through disrupting the cell membrane,degrading protein and chlorophyll.The results of this study suggested that PEG can make dormant seed rapidly active using a proper concentration of PEG solution to soak,and improve the efficiency of seed breeding,which lays a foundation for the PEG widely application in agriculture.

以抗旱性弱的青稞品种'大麻青稞’为材料,研究不同质量分数(5%~30%)聚乙二醇(PEG)预处理对其种子萌发、幼苗生长和抗旱性的影响。结果表明,1)随着PEG预处理质量分数的增加,'大麻青稞’种子的发芽率和生根率,幼苗的根长、苗高和鲜重均呈先增加后降低的趋势;种子的发芽率、生根率、幼苗的根长和苗高均在10%的PEG处理下值最高,分别为对照的1.14、1.05、1.24和1.33倍,且除生根率外,其他指标均与对照差异极显著( P P <0.01);2)当幼苗经30%PEG重度胁迫时,其叶片蛋白质和叶绿素含量分别比胁迫前下降42.11%和38.98%,而经15%PEG预处理的两者含量比胁迫对照组提高了42.80%和1.01倍;经30%PEG重度胁迫后相对电导率和丙二醛含量分别比胁迫前上升了28.24%和6.04%,而经15%PEG预处理的两者含量比胁迫对照组降低了28.64%和33.41%。表明低质量分数的PEG对青稞种子的萌发和幼苗的生长生理特性具有促进作用,高质量分数的PEG处理对植物的生长产生了抑制作用。

... 根据公式计算^[13,14]: ...

2006

0.0

... 2 生理指标的测定脯氨酸(Pro)含量测定采用酸式茚三酮法^[15],超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的测定采用氮蓝四唑(NBT)法^[16],以抑制NBT光化还原的50%为1个酶活性单位表示,丙二醛(MDA)采用硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)法^[17] ...

2004

0.0

1994

0.0

赵世杰. 植物组织中丙二醛测定方法的改进. 植物生理学通讯, 1994, 30(3): 207-210.

Zh S

Improvements of method for measurement of malondialdehyde in plant tissues.

Plant Physiology Communications, 1994, 30(3): 207-210. (in Chinese)

ImnrovementsofMethodforMeasurementofMalondialdehydeinvlant11－ssues丙二醇（MDA）是最常用的膜脂过氧化指标．但测定植物组织中MDA含量的经典方法《多种物质的干扰）·’，其中最主要的是。引害性糖、’。本丈在前人工作的基础L．讨如间排除可溶性糖对植物作品中M＊A测定

2012

0.0

刘佳, 徐昌旭, 曹卫东, 谢志坚, 秦文婧. PEG胁迫下15份紫云英种质材料萌发期的抗旱性鉴定. 中国草地学报, 2012, 34(6): 18-25.

Liu

, Xu C

, Cao W

, Xie Z

, Qin W

Study on drought resistance of 15 accessions of Astragalus sinicus L. germplasm materials at seed germination stage under PEG stress.

Chinese Journal of Grassland , 2012, 34(6): 18-25. (in Chinese)

... )=(X-X_min)/(X_max-X_min)计算每份材料的相对发芽率、相对胚根长等具体隶属函数值^[18] ...

2003

0.0

易津, 王学敏, 谷安琳, 徐军. 驼绒黎属牧草种苗耐盐性评价及生理基础研究. 草地学报, 2003, 11(2) : 110-116.

, Wang X

, Gu A

, Xu

Assessment of salt resistance and physiology basis of seed and seedling of Ceratoides.

Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2003, 11(2): 110-116. (in Chinese)

A study on the seven Ceratoides (Tourn.) Gagnebin seed samples for their germinating ability and seedling salt resistance shows that different seedling species and ecotypes bear with different degrees of salt concentration. C.arborescens boasts the strongest salt tolerance, C.arborescens of the keerqin ecotype comes second, while C.latens of the cold desert ecotype and C.ewersmanniana are the least salt tolerant. Ceratoides seed and seedling’s salt tolerance is in proportion with the seed vigour. In general, seeds that are produced in adverse conditions exhibit lower vigour, and the seedlings lack salt tolerance. The seedlings’ ability of enduring an environment of half lethal salt concentration is significantly related to the seed germinating rate, the germination index,and the seed vigour index (r=0.82 * ,0.93 ** ,0.90 ** respectively).Study on the physiological basis of the seedling salt resistance shows that the seed nitrogen content is in direct proportion both with the seedling salt resistance capacity(r=0.88 * ,0.90 ** ), and its phosphorus content (r=0.77,0.68),though not closely related to the seed carbohydrate content (r= -0.33～ 0.55). It is summarized that the seedling’s tolerance of half lethal salt concentration, the seed vigour index,and the seed nitrogen content could be regarded as the physiological index for assessing the level of the seed salt tolerance and whether it be selected for breeding.

对7份驼绒藜属材料种子萌发及幼苗进行耐盐性研究。结果表明,种苗具有较高的耐盐性,在种间及种内生态型间存在差异,其中华北驼绒藜耐盐性最强,其次为华北驼绒藜科尔沁生态型,驼绒藜荒漠生态型和心叶驼绒藜耐盐性最弱。种苗的耐盐能力和种子的活力呈正相关,在恶劣生境条件下形成的种子活力较低,种苗的耐盐力也较低;种苗耐盐半致死浓度与种子活力3项指标呈显著或极显著正相关(r=0.82 * 、0.93 ** 、0.90 ** )。而盐性生理基础的研究结果表明,种子耐盐性的指标与种子含氮量呈极显著正相关(r=0.88 ** 、0.90 ** ),与种子含磷量呈正相关(r=0.77、0.68),与含糖量相关性较小(r=-0.33～0.55)。初步认为种子耐盐半致死浓度、种子活力指数和含氮量可以作为种子耐盐性评价和选育的生理指标。

... 3 讨论与结论盐胁迫是一种普遍的非生物胁迫,在整个植物生长和发育过程中是主要的限制性环境因素^[19,20] ...

1992

0.0

... 3 讨论与结论盐胁迫是一种普遍的非生物胁迫,在整个植物生长和发育过程中是主要的限制性环境因素^[19,20] ...

2015

0.0

郑铖, 易自力, 肖亮, 杨塞, 陈智勇, 潘志军. NaCl胁迫对芒属种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响. 中国草地学报, 2015, 37(3): 37-42.

Zheng

, Yi Z

, Xiao

, Yang

, Chen Z

, Pan Z

Effects of NaCl stress on seed germination and seedling growth of Miscanthus.

Chinese Journal of Grassland , 2015, 37(3): 37-42. (in Chinese)

为研究芒属植物种子对盐分胁迫的耐受能力,分别采用50、100、150、200、250和300mmol/L,6个不同浓度的NaCl溶液胁迫荻(Miscanthus sacchariflora)、南荻(M lutarioriparius)、芒(M.sinensis)和芒×南荻杂交种(M sinensis×lutarioriparius)等4种不同来源的芒属植物种子。结果表明:(1)随着NaCl溶液浓度的升高,芒属植物种子的萌发率、相对萌发率、萌发指数和活力指数均成下降趋势,对于不同的种下降趋势不同。(2)NaCl溶液胁迫下,胚芽和胚根长度与对照比较有显著抑制作用,且盐浓度愈高抑制作用愈强。(3)半致死浓度分析结果表明4种芒属植物种子的抗盐能力强弱依次为杂交种(LC_(50)=75.84mmol/L)荻(LC_(50)=54.50mmol/L)南荻(LC_(50)=51.25mmol/L)芒(LC50=49.76mmol/L),与隶属函数法排序结果一致。以上研究结果为芒属植物抗盐种质的筛选提供了理论参考。

... 采用6个不同浓度NaCl溶液对不同来源的芒属(Miscanthus)植物种子胁迫的研究表明,随着NaCI溶液浓度的升高,芒属植物种子的相对发芽率、发芽指数等萌发指标均呈下降趋势^[21] ...

2007

0.0

... 植物处于盐逆境胁迫下,植物体内通过提高自身抗氧化系统活性来平衡失衡的活性氧代谢^[22] ...

2015

0.0

杨月娟, 张灏, 周华坤, 王文颖, 殷恒霞, 姚步青, 赵新全. 盐胁迫对高寒草地牧草老芒麦幼苗生理指标的影响. 西北农业大学学报, 2015, 2(7): 156-162.

Yang Y

, Zhang

, Zhou H

, Wang W

, Yin H

, Yao B

, Zhao X

Effect of salt stress on physiological characteristics of alpine grassland pasture Elymus sibiricus. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2015, 2(7): 156-162. (in Chinese)

The growth parameters of Elymus sibiricus at early seedling stage were measured by four different concentrations of NaCl solutions (0, 50, 150, 250 mmol·L -1 ) and salt treatment was performed to explore and utilize the germplasm with high salt tolerance，so as to provide physiological indicators for identifying salt tolerance. The result showed that proline mass fraction increased with increase of salt concentration( P P P -1 .It was also obvious that the levels of relative contents of water, chlorophyll, soluble sugar, proline, SOD and CAT enzyme activities in the leaves at seedling stage were sensitive to the level of salt stress. And all of them could be used as physiological indicators for quick and accurate identification in salt tolerant wildrye germplasm. Soluble sugar mass fraction, proline mass fraction and CAT activity were relatively important physiological indicators of salt resistance of E.sibiricus . Entropy method for comprehensive evaluation of treatments of E.sibiricus with different salt concentrationsm the physiological characteristics showed that 50 mmol·L -1 NaCl was the most conducive to regulate physiological indexes of E.sibiricus , improve the adaptability to salt stress. Remarkable salt tolerance was detected about E.sibiricus , which had provided a basis for utilizing salt tolerant wildrye genetic resources.

采用不同浓度(0、50、150、250 mmol·L -1 )NaCl溶液处理萌发的老芒麦( Elymus sibiricus )幼苗，检测老芒麦在盐胁迫逆境下生理生化的变化。结果表明，随盐浓度增加，各供试材料的脯氨酸质量分数呈上升趋势( P P P -1 NaCl浓度是其幼苗相对含水量和CAT活性的一个转折临界点。老芒麦幼苗期的相对含水量、叶绿素质量分数、可溶性糖质量分数、脯氨酸质量分数、SOD活性和CAT活性对盐胁迫浓度的变化响应灵敏，且在不同浓度盐胁迫下变化差异显著，其可作为快速鉴定老芒麦野生种质材料耐盐性的生理生化指标。熵值法综合评价不同浓度NaCl处理对老芒麦生理指标的影响表明，50 mmol·L -1 NaCl最有利于老芒麦调控各生理指标，提高对盐胁迫的适应性，老芒麦适宜在青藏高原盐碱地和湖滨退化湿地的恢复改良中选用。

... 采用不同NaCl浓度对高寒老芒麦进行胁迫研究^[23],结果显示SOD、CAT活性随着NaCl浓度的增加,在150 mmol#cod#x000b7 ...

2012

0.0

孙宗玖, 李培英, 阿不来提, 吉鹏飞. 种子萌发期38份偃麦草种质耐盐性评价. 草业科学, 2012, 29(7): 1105-1113.

Sun Z

, Li P

, Abulaiti, Ji P F. Evaluation on the salt tolerance of 38 germplasm resources of Elytrigria repens at seed germination stage. Pratacultural Science, 2012, 29(7): 1105-1113. (in Chinese)

Based on simulation salt stress with mixture of 1.2% of NaCl∶Na2SO4(1∶1), the routine paper bed culture was used to estimate the salt tolerance of 38 germplasm resources of Elytrigria repens at the seed germination stage by measuring the germination rate, germination energy, germ length, embryonic root length, vitality index, germination salt tolerance index and germination stress index. The results of this study showed that the salt stress decreased the germination rate, germination energy, germination Index and vitality index of E.repens, inhibited the growth of E.repens germ and radical, and also decreased the germination characteristic of E.repens. According to the comprehensive evaluation value, the salt tolerance sequence of 38 E.repens accessions from high to low was E03, E31, E16, E17, E42, E26, E04, E25, E12, E38, E15, E36, E13, E32, E09, E21, E07, E08, E01, E29, E10, E18, E24, E28, E30, E23, E11, E39, E02, E34, E19, E35, E06, E40, E33, E41, E37, E27.

为评价偃麦草(Elytrigia repens)种子萌发期耐盐性强弱，采用常规纸上发芽法，以1.2%氯化钠和硫酸钠（质量比为1∶1）模拟盐胁迫，对38份偃麦草的发芽率、发芽势、胚芽长、胚根长、活力指数、萌发耐盐指数、萌发胁迫指数等进行测定。结果表明，盐胁迫降低了偃麦草种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数，抑制了其胚芽和胚根的生长，降低了偃麦草萌发性能；根据综合评价值，38份偃麦草材料的耐盐性由强到弱依次为E03、E31、E16、E17、E42、E26、E04、E25、E12、E38、E15、E36、E13、E32、E09、E21、E07、E08、E01、E29、E10、E18、E24、E28、E30、E23、E11、E39、E02、E34、E19、E35、E06、E40、E33、E41、E37、E27。

... 植物耐盐性是由多因素相互作用而形成的一个较为复杂的生态生理响应过程,同一植物不同生育期对于盐胁迫的响应能力是不同的^[24] ...