Abstract: The description and expression of grasses in the ancient Chinese poetry have a long history and abundant contents. The role of grasses in the ancient Chinese poetry was very prominent and their influence was extremely broad. Of all poetry works on grasses, those describing scenery, expressing emotions and making trope with grasses have the most number. Many poets used grasses to express their vicissitudes of life, reflecting their yearning of relatives, friends and hometowns; some poets also took grasses to express their outlooks on life, world and value in their poems. The role and influence of grasses in the ancient poetry also reflected the ancient Chinese grass culture.